| 2013 | | | Member of the French Strategic Research Council |
| 2011 | | | Member of the Executive Committee, Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse (IAST) |
| 2011 | | | Member of the Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques |
| 2009 | | | Chairman of the Board of Directors, Toulouse School of Economics |
| 1999-2006,2008 | | | Member of the Conseil d'Analyse Économique of the Prime Minister |
| 1995 | | | Directeur d'Etudes cumulant, EHESS |
| 1992 | | | Scientific director, Institut d'Économie Industrielle |
| 1992 | | | Visiting Professor MIT |
| 2014 | | | Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel |
| 2014 | | | Erwin Plein Nemmers Prize in Economics |
| 2013 | | | Stephen A. Ross Prize in Financial Economics |
| 2013 | | | Honorary doctorate degree, Hitotsubashi University |
| 2013 | | | Honorary doctorate degree, Université de Lausanne |
| 2013 | | | Honorary Fellow of the Royal of Society of Edinburgh |
| 2012 | | | Honorary doctorate degree, Athens University of Economics and Business |
| 2012 | | | Honorary doctorate degree, University of Rome Tor Vergata |
| 2012 | | | Grand Prix of the "Académie d'Occitanie" |
| 2011 | | | ILB and EIF Award for the best paper in finance ("Leverage and the Central Banker's Put") written with Emmanuel Farhi |
| 2011 | | | Member, Académie des Sciences morales et politiques |
| 2011 | | | Honorary doctorate degree, University of Mannheim |
| 2010 | | | European Research Council Grant |
| 2010 | | | CME Group - Mathematical Sciences Research Institute Prize in Innovation Quantitative Applications |
| 2010 | | | Claude Levi-Strauss Prize |
| 2010 | | | Officier dans l’Ordre National du Mérite |
| 2009 | | | Fellow of the Academie des Sciences, Inscriptions et Belles Lettres de Toulouse |
| 2008 | | | (Inaugural) Frontiers of Knowledge Award of the BBVA Foundation |
| 2008 | | | Cercle d'Oc Prize |
| 2007 | | | Chevalier de la légion d'honneur |
| 2007 | | | "Risques" - "Les Echos" Award |
| 2007 | | | Honorary doctorate degree, London Business School |
| 2007 | | | Honorary doctorate degree, HEC Montreal |
| 2007 | | | Gold medal, CNRS |
| 2007 | | | Gold medal, city of Toulouse |
| 2004 | | | Institute of Scientific Information-Thomson Price Winner in Economics |
| 2002 | | | Médaille d'argent, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique |
| 2002 | | | Lauréat du Prix Dargélos de l'Ecole Polytechnique |
| 1999 | | | Distinguished Fellow Award, Industrial Organization Society |
| 1998 | | | John von Neumann Award, Rajk Lazlo College for Advanced Studies, Budapest University |
| 1997 | | | Public Utility Research Center Distinguished Service Award, University of Florida, Gainesville |
| 1996 | | | Center for Economic Studies Prize, Munich |
| 1993 | | | Foreign Honorary Member, American Academy of Arts and Sciences |
| 1993 | | | Foreign Honorary Member, American Economic Association |
| 1993 | | | Yrjo Jahnsson prize of the European Economic Association |
| 1989 | | | Doctorat Honoris Causa, Université Libre de Bruxelles |
| 1988 | - | 1989 | John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Fellowship |
| 1985 | - | 1987 | Sloan Fellowship |